特色推荐
本套图书集中国古代建筑之大成，全书按建筑文化区域作为大类，建筑细部作为细分，是对中式古建筑的一次精密梳理归纳，具有广泛、权威、典藏、品鉴的特点。
本书共七本一套，从全国各地选取了近200个中国古代建筑项目，所有实景均为摄影师走遍中国实地拍摄得来，辐射范围之广远甚于同类的其他书籍。我们不仅仅是将北京、天津、河北、河南、山东、山西、陕西、上海、安徽、浙江、江苏、湖北、湖南、江西、四川、重庆、云南、贵州、广东、广西、福建、海南、香港、澳门等地的古建筑细部进行实景呈现。在全面展示中国各个文化区域里不同古建筑类型的建筑样式、材料运用、细部构造和设计特色同时，也为读者做了一次较为完整的中式建筑巡礼，更重要的是，这样一次巡礼深入地再现了中国不同区域的传统文化。对于读者和设计师而言，了解建筑细部和结构的设计固然利于借鉴，但对建筑背后的文化能够有更加深入地了解，将文化的脉络溶进自己的作品思想里，却无疑对作品的成功有更为积极的作用，对于中国现代建筑的发展亦有不可忽视的推动意义！

Summary
With seven books in a set, it includes about 200 archaic Chinese buildings. All real images were taken on site by photographers travelling across the country. The coverage is much broader than other books in its kind. Details of archaic Chinese buildings across the country are not only presented by images as how they look on site, but also by texts to give an all-round description about archaic Chinese buildings as well as culture behind them. That helps readers look deeper into the designs. This book gives a full display of various archaic Chinese buildings across China in terms of styles, materials, detailed structure and designing features. Reading it is like taking an exploratory journey into Chinese architecture, which recaptures traditions of regions where the projects are located. For architects, deep understanding about culture that buildings are based on helps blend culture context into their works. That generates positive impact on the development of modern Chinese architecture.

项 目 介 绍

Introduction

细部名称
整体
入口（整体、门檐、大门、基座、院墙）
庭院（整体、垂花门、铺地、月洞门、巷道、其他）
屋顶（整体、屋脊、山墙、屋檐）
屋身（整体、斗拱、雀替、彩画、门头、门、窗、墙、柱子、栏杆、雕饰、走廊）
地基（柱顶石、踏跺、须弥座、栏杆、月台）
室内空间（天花、厅堂、墙、楼梯、隔断、回廊、铺地、柱子）
建筑小品（亭、廊、桥、角楼、华表、影壁、牌坊、雕塑、路牌、其他）

Details
Overall
Entrances (Overall, Lintels, Gates, Pedestals, Courtyard Walls)
Courtyards (Overall, Festooned Doors, Pavage, Moon Gates, Alleys, Others)
Roofs (Overall, Roof Ridges, Gables, Eaves)
Main Bodies (Overall, Dou Gongs, Decorated Brackets, Color Paintings, Door Heads, Doors, Windows, Walls, Pillars, Railings, Carving Decorations, Hallways)
Foundations (Dosserets, Flight of Steps, Sumeru Thrones, Railings, Platforms)
Interior Spaces (Ceilings, Halls, Walls, Stairs, Partitions, Verandas, Paving, Pillars)
Architectural Pieces (Bowers, Roofed Promenades, Bridges, Turrets, Marble Cloud Pillars, Screen-walls, Chinese Archways, Sculptures, Guiding Signs, Others)

北方文化区域
Northern Region

居住建筑
民居
山西汾西师家沟民居
山西襄汾丁家村民居
山西平遥古城之民居
陕西韩城党家村民居
北京帽儿胡同
大院
山西太谷曹家大院
山西祁县乔家大院
山西祁县渠家大院
天津石家大院
山东曲阜孔府
山东临沂庄氏庄园
河南巩义康百万庄园

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
The Shi’s Village Houses, Fenxi County, Shanxi Province
The Ding’s Village Houses, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province
Folk Houses of Pingyao Town, Shanxi Province
The Dang’s Village Houses, Hancheng, Shaanxi Province
Maoer Alley, Beijing
Courtyard Dwellings
The Cao’s Courtyard Dwelling, Taigu County, Shanxi Province
The Qiao’s Courtyard Dwelling, Qi County, Shanxi Province
The Qu’s Courtyard Dwelling, Qi County, Shanxi Province
The Shi’s Courtyard Dwelling, Tianjin
Confucian Mansion, Qufu, Shandong Province
The Zhuang’s Manor, Linyi, Shandong Province
Kang Baiwan Manor, Gongyi, Henan Province


城市公共建筑
钟楼
河北正定开元寺之唐代钟楼
鼓楼
陕西西安鼓楼
古城楼
山西平遥古城之街道、城池、门楼、牌楼
街
北京前门大街
北京颐和园苏州街
天津古文化街
书院
河南登封嵩阳书院

Public Buildings
Bell Towers
Bell Tower of Kaiyuan Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Drum Towers
Xi’an Drum Tower, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province
City Gate Towers
Streets, Gate Towers, Archways of Pingyao Town, Shanxi Province
Streets
Qianmen Avenue, Beijing
Suzhou Street, The Summer Palace, Beijing
Ancient Culture Street, Tianjin
Academies
Songyang Academy, Dengfeng, Henan Province


皇家建筑
宫殿
河北承德行宫
北京故宫
王府
北京恭王府
县衙
山西平遥古城之县衙

Imperial Architecture
Palaces
Chengde Palace, Chengde, Hebei Province
The Forbidden City, Beijing
Mansions of Princes
Mansion of Prince Gong, Beijing
Courthouses (Yamens)
Pingyao Yamen, Shanxi Province

宗教建筑
寺
北京雍和宫
北京广济寺
北京广化寺
北京潭柘寺
北京圆明园正觉寺
北京智化寺
北京颐和园佛香阁
天津蓟县独乐寺
山西大同善化寺
山西大同昊天寺
山西大同华严寺
山西恒山悬空寺
河北承德普乐寺、普宁寺
河北正定开元寺
河北正定隆兴寺
河北井陉苍岩山桥楼殿
陕西扶风法门寺
河南开封大相国寺
河南登封嵩山少林寺
河南登封法王寺
河南洛阳白马寺
塔
北京潭柘寺之塔
陕西扶风法门寺之塔
河北承德避暑山庄之塔
河北承德普乐寺、普宁寺之塔
河北正定开元寺之广慧寺华塔
河北正定开元寺之唐代雁塔（须弥塔）
河南登封法王寺之塔
河南登封嵩山少林寺之塔
天津蓟县独乐寺、白塔寺之塔
山西应县木塔
道观
陕西西安八仙宫
山西平遥古城之清虚观

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
Yonghe Lamasery
Guangji Temple, Beijing
Guanghua Temple, Beijing
Tantuo Temple, Beijing
Zhengjue Temple, The Summer Palace, Beijing
Zhihua Temple, Beijing
Foxiang Court, The Summer Palace, Beijing
Dule Temple, Jixian County, Tianjin
Shanhua Temple, Datong, Shanxi Province
Haotian Temple, Datong, Shanxi Province
Huayan Temple, Datong, Shanxi Province
Xuankong Temple, Hengshan Mountain, Shanxi Province
Pule Temple, Puning Temple, Chengde, Hebei Province
Kaiyuan Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Longxing Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Yanshanqiao Hall, Jingxing County, Hebei Province
Famen Temple, Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province
Xiangguo Temple, Kaifeng, Henan Province
Shaolin Temple, Songshan Mountain, Dengfeng, Henan Province
Fawang Temple, Dengfeng, Henan Province
Baima Temple, Luoyang, Henan Province
Pagodas
Pagoda of Tantuo Temple, Beijing
Pagoda of Famen Temple, Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province
Pagoda of The Summer Resort, Chengde
Pagoda of Pule Temple, Puning Temple, Chengde, Hebei Province
Duobao Pagoda of Kaiyuan Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Yanta Tower of Kaiyuan Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Pagoda of Fawang Temple, Dengfeng, Henan Province
Pagoda of Shaolin Temple, Songshan Mountain, Dengfeng, Henan Province
Pagodas of Dule Temple, Baita Temple, Jixian County, Tianjin
Yingxian Timber Pagoda, Yingxian County, Shanxi Province
Taoist Temples
The Eight Immortals Taoist Temple, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province
Qingxu Taoist Temple of Pingyao Town, Shanxi Province

祠祀建筑
坛
北京地坛
北京天坛
庙
河北正定文庙大成殿
北京什刹海火德真君庙、万宁桥、烟袋斜街
山西平遥古城之城隍庙
山西平遥古城之文庙
山东曲阜孔庙
山东曲阜周公庙

Ritual Buildings
Alters
Altar of the Earth, Beijing
Altar of the Heaven, Beijing
Shrines
Confucian Temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province
Huode Zhenjun Temple, Beijing
Town God’s Temple of Pingyao Town, Shanxi Province
Confucian Temple of Pingyao Town, Shanxi Province
Confucian Shrine, Qufu, Shandong Province
Zhou Gong Shrine, Qufu, Shandong Province


园林建筑
皇家园林
北京颐和园
河北承德避暑山庄

Landscape Architecture
Imperial Gardens
The Summer Palace, Beijing
The Mountain Resort, Chengde, Hebei Province

江南文化区域
Jiangnan Region

居住建筑
民居
上海新天地石库门建筑
上海石库门建筑
安徽徽州潜口古民居
安徽黟县宏村民居
湖北大冶水南湾民居
湖北通山宝石民居
江西婺源大理坑村民居
江西婺源江湾古民居

大院
浙江泰顺胡氏大院
浙江杭州胡雪岩谷居

村
浙江新叶古村
安徽歙县渔梁村
湖北通山王明璠村
江西南昌安义古村落
江西婺源思溪延村
江西婺源汪口村

古镇
上海七宝镇
江苏昆山周庄古镇
江苏吴江同里古镇
江苏昆山千灯古镇
安徽三河古镇

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
Shikumen Houses, Xintiandi, Shanghai
Shikumen Houses, Shanghai
Qiankou Village Houses, Huizhou, Anhui Province
Hongcun Village Houses, Yixian County, Anhui Province
Shuinanwan Village Houses, Dazhi, Hubei Province
Baoshi Village Houses, Tongshan County, Hubei Province
Dalikeng Village Houses, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province
Folk Houses of Jiangwan Town, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province
Courtyard Dwellings
The Hu’s Courtyard Dwelling, Taishun County, Zhejiang Province
The Old Residence of Hu Xueyan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
Villages
Xinye Village, Zhejiang Province
Yuliang Village, Shexian County, Anhui Province
Wangmingfan Village, Tongshan County, Hubei Province
Anyi Village, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province
Sixiyan Village, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province
Wangkou Village, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province
Ancient Towns
Qibao Town, Shanghai
Zhouzhuang Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province
Tongli Town, Wujiang District, Jiangsu Province
Qiandeng Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province
Sanhe Town, Anhui Province

城市公共建筑
古城楼
安徽歙县徽州古城
书院
湖南长沙岳麓书院

Public Buildings
City Gate Towers
Gate Tower of Huizhou Town, Shexian County, Anhui Province
Academies
Yuelu Academy, Changsha, Hunan Province

宗教建筑
寺
上海玉佛寺
浙江杭州灵隐寺
江苏苏州开元寺无梁殿
江苏扬州大明寺
江苏南京鸡鸣寺
安徽池州九华山甘露寺
安徽芜湖广济寺
湖北宜昌玉泉寺
湖北武汉归元寺
湖南长沙麓山寺
江西九江东林寺

塔
浙江杭州六和塔
浙江新叶古村之塔
江西南昌绳金塔
江苏扬州大明寺之塔
江苏南京鸡鸣寺之塔
江苏昆山周庄古镇之塔
安徽芜湖广济寺之塔
湖北宜昌玉泉寺之塔

道观
上海城隍庙
江苏苏州玄妙观三清殿
湖北十堰武当山

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
Jade Buddha Temple, Shanghai
Temple of Soul's Retreat, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
Kaiyuan Temple, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Daming Temple, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province
Jiming Temple, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
Ganlu Temple, Chizhou, Anhui Province
Guangji Temple, Wuhu, Anhui Province
Yuquan Temple, Yichang, Hubei Province
Guiyuan Temple, Wuhan, Hubei Province
Lushan Temple, Changsha, Hunan Province
Donglin Temple, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province
Pagodas
Liuhe Pagoda, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
Pagoda of Xinye Village, Zhejiang Province
Shengjin Pagoda, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province
Pagoda of Daming Temple, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province
Pagoda of Jiming Temple, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
Pagoda of Zhouzhuang Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province
Pagoda of Guangji Temple, Wuhu, Anhui Province
Pagoda of Yuquan Temple, Yichang, Hubei Province
Taoist Temples
Town God's Temple, Shanghai
Xuanmiao Taoist Temple, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Wudang Taoist Temple, Shiyan, Hubei Province

祠祀建筑
祠堂
安徽歙县棠樾牌坊群

庙
上海静安寺

Ritual Buildings
Ancestral Halls
The Ancestral Halls in Tangyue, Shexian County, Anhui Province
Shrines
Jingan Shrine, Shanghai

园林建筑
私家园林
上海豫园
江苏苏州沧浪亭
江苏苏州留园
江苏苏州狮子林
江苏苏州拙政园

风景名胜
浙江杭州西湖
浙江温州泰顺桥

Landscape Architecture
Private Gardens
Yuyuan Garden, Shanghai
Garden of Surging Wave Pavilion, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Lingering Garden, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Lion Grove Garden, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Humble Administrator's Garden, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
Places of Interest
West Lake, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province
Taishun Bridges, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province

岭南文化区域
Lingnan Region

居住建筑
民居
广东广州西浦村岭南民居
海南海口谢氏家宅等民居
海南海口丘浚旧居
海南海口海瑞旧居
香港元朗天水围民居
大院
海南海口侯家大院
澳门卢家大屋
村
广东增城坑背村
广东东莞南社村
香港吉庆围（村）

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
Xipu Village Houses, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province
The Xie’s Mansion, Haikou, Hainan Province
Qiu Jun’s Old Residence, Haikou, Hainan Province
Hai Rui’s Old Residence, Haikou, Hainan Province
Folk Houses of Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai
Courtyard Dwellings
The Hou’s Courtyard House, Haikou, Hainan Province
The Lu’s Mansion, Macau
Villages
Kengbei Village, Zengcheng, Guangdong Province
Nanshe Village, Dongguan, Guangdong Province
Kat Hing Wai (Village), Hong Kong

城市公共建筑
书院
香港元朗天水围之觐廷书室

Public Buildings
Academies
Kun Ting Study Hall, Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong

皇家建筑
王府
广西忻城莫土司衙署

Imperial Architecture
Mansions of Princes
Chancery Court of Mo Tribal Chief, Xincheng County, Guangxi Province

宗教建筑
寺
广东韶关南华寺
塔
广东韶关南华寺之塔

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
Nanhua Temple, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province
Pagodas
Pagoda of Nanhua Temple, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province

祠祀建筑
祠堂
广东广州陈家祠
海南海口武公祠
香港粉岭彭氏宗祠
香港元朗天水围之俞乔二公祠与邓氏宗祠
香港上水廖万石堂
庙
海南海口西天庙
广东佛山祖庙
澳门妈祖阁
香港天后庙

Ritual Buildings
Ancestral Halls
Chen Clan Academy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province
Wugong Temple, Haikou, Hainan Province
Pang’s Ancestral Hall, Fanling, Hong Kong
Yu Kiu Ancestral Hall, Tin Shui Wai, Yuen Long, Hong Kong
Liu Man Shek Tong (Ancestral Hall), Sheung Shui, Hong Kong
Shrines
Western Paradise Shrine, Haikou, Hainan Province
Foshan Ancestral Shrine, Foshan, Guangdong Province
A-Ma Temple, Macau
Tin Hau Temple, Hong Kong

园林建筑
私家园林
广东东莞可园
广东东莞粤晖园
广东广州宝墨园
广东广州余荫山房
广东顺德清晖园
广东佛山梁园

Landscape Architecture
Private Gardens
Keyuan Garden, Dongguan, Guangdong Province
Yuehui Garden, Dongguan, Guangdong Province
Baomo Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province
Yuyin Mountain House, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province
Qinghui Garden, Shunde, Guangdong Province
Liangyuan Garden, Foshan, Guangdong Province

闽台文化区域
Mintai Region

居住建筑
民居
福建永定高北村土楼
福建永定洪坑村土楼
福建永定初溪村土楼

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
Earth Building of Gaobei Village, Yongding County, Fujian Province
Earth Building of Hongkeng Village, Yongding County, Fujian Province
Earth Building of Chuxi Village, Yongding County, Fujian Province

宗教建筑
寺
福建厦门梵天禅寺

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
Brahma Meditation Temple, Xiamen, Fujiang Province

巴蜀文化区域
Sichuan Region

居住建筑
民居
四川江安夕佳山民居
重庆双江杨氏旧居
寨
四川甘孜丹巴甲居藏寨
四川理县桃坪羌寨
古镇
四川自贡仙市古镇
四川洛带古镇
四川宜宾李庄古镇
重庆沙坪坝磁器口古镇

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
Xijiashan Folk Houses, Jiangan County, Sichuan Province
Yang’s Former Residence, Shuangjiang Town, Chongqing
Stockades
Bajiaju Tibetan Stockade, Danba County, Ganzi Autonomous Prefectures, Sichuan Province
Qiang Stockade, Taoping County, Sichuan Province
Ancient Towns
Xianshi Town, Zigong, Sichuan Province
Luodai Town, Sichuan Province
Lizhuang Town, Yibin, Sichuan Province
Ciqikou Town, Shapingba District, Chongqing

城市公共建筑
古城楼
四川阆中古城

Public Buildings
City Gate Towers
Langzhong City Towers, Sichuan Province

宗教建筑
寺
四川成都文殊院
四川峨眉山报国寺
重庆沙坪坝宝轮寺
道观
四川成都青羊宫

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
Wenshu Monastery, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
Baoguo Temple, Emei Mountain, Sichuan Province
Baolun Temple, Shapingba, District, Chongqing
Taoist Temples
Qingyang Taoist Temple, Chengdu, Sichuan Province

园林建筑
私家园林
四川安仁刘氏庄园

Landscape Architecture
Private Gardens
Liu’s Manor, Anren Town, Sichuan Province

西南文化区域
Southwestern Region

居住建筑
民居
云南丽江纳西民居
云南丽江玉壶村民居
云南石屏郑营村民居
云南建水团山村民居
贵州增冲鼓楼及民居
贵州遵义会议会址
寨
贵州镇宁石头寨
古镇
云南大理喜洲镇
贵州从江肇兴古镇

Residential Buildings
Folk Houses
Nahsi Folk Houses, Lijiang, Yunnan Province
Yuhu Village Houses, Lijiang, Yunnan Province
Zhengying Village Houses, Shiping County, Yunnan Province
Tuanshan Village Houses, Jianshui County, Yunnan Province
Zengcong Drum Tower & Folk Houses, Guizhou Province
The Site of the Zunyi Conference, Guizhou Province
Stockades
Zhenning Stone Stockade, Guizhou Province
Ancient Towns
Xizhou Town, Dali, Yunnan Province
Zhaoxing Town, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province

城市公共建筑
鼓楼
贵州从江鼓楼

Public Buildings
Drum Towers
Congjiang Drum Tower, Guizhou Province

宗教建筑
寺
云南大理观音堂

Religious Buildings
Buddhist Temples
The Goddess of Mercy Temple, Dali, Yunnan Province

祠祀建筑
祠堂
云南石屏郑营村宗祠

Ritual Buildings
Ancestral Hall
Ancestral Hall of Zhengying Village, Shiping County, Yunnan Province

园林建筑
私家园林
云南大理张家花园
风景名胜
贵州从江风雨桥
贵州从江岜团桥
贵州从江地坪风雨桥
贵州三都风雨桥

Landscape Architecture
Private Gardens
Zhang’s Garden, Dali, Yunnan Province
Places of Interest
Congjiang Covered Bridge, Guizhou Province
Congjiang Biatuan Bridge, Guizhou Province
Congjiang Diping Covered Bridge, Guizhoug Province
Sandu Covered Bridge, Guizhou Province


精 彩 文 摘
Digest
北方文化区域
北方文化区域即秦岭—淮河以北的中国所有地区。其聚落集中，总体的古建筑特征是：房屋墙体较厚，有院落，防风保暖。皇家园林建筑以红黄为主色调，既显示出皇权的尊容富贵，又与宽阔整齐的地形、多蓝天白云的气候特点相互辉映。
受地理环境和气候的影响，建筑的特点是：在淮河以北至黑龙江以南的广大平原地区，组群方整规则，庭院较大，但尺度合宜；建筑造型起伏不大，屋身低平，屋顶曲线平缓；多用砖瓦，木结构用料较大，装修比较简单。总的风格是开朗大度；黄河以西至甘肃、宁夏的黄土高原地区，院落的封闭性很强，屋身低矮，屋顶坡度低缓，还有相当多的建筑使用平顶，很少使用砖瓦，多用土坯或夯土墙，木装修更简单。总的风格是质朴敦厚，但在回族聚居地建有许多清真寺，它们体量高大，屋顶陡峻，装修华丽，色彩浓重，与一般民间建筑有明显的不同。
在庭院上的差别，华北地区住宅庭院较方阔，有利于冬季多纳阳光；东北的院落更加宽大；稍南的晋、陕、豫等省，夏季西晒严重，院子变得窄长；西北地区风沙很大，院墙加高，谓之庄窠。因此，黄河中上游地区多窑洞式住宅。
北方文化区域传统的建筑类型有：居住建筑、城市公共建筑、皇家建筑、宗教建筑、宗祠建筑和园林建筑等。每一种类型的建筑都因北方的地理环境和气候而显示出了在相同文化背景下的不同细部构造特色。

Northern Region
Northern region refer to areas on the north of Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River Line in China. The ancient buildings there have courtyards and thick walls to resist strong winds and keep the buildings warm.

In the regions on the north of Huaihe River and the south of Heilongjinag River, residential complexes have regular configuration with large courtyards. Their main bodies are low and even, covered by gently sloping roofs of tiles and bricks. Buildings on the Loess Plateau stay in an enclosed layout. Their main bodies feature low walls made of clay bricks or rammed earth, and most of them adopt flat roofs without tiles or bricks. In habitations of the Hui nationality, there are lots of mosques, which have large volumes, steep roofs and gorgeous decorations.

Residential courtyards in North China allow more sunlight in. Those in northeastern regions are larger. In lower regions, courtyards are longer and narrower. And courtyards in northwestern regions have higher walls. On the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, cave residences are common.

There are residential buildings, public buildings, imperial architecture, religious buildings, ritual buildings and landscape architecture in northern region.


江南文化区域
南方炎热多雨，多山地丘陵，人稠地窄，住宅比较紧凑，多楼房，房屋多为南向或东南向。有的地方为了加强空气流通与防潮，房屋下部采用杆栏式构造。建筑材料除土木以外，多采用竹子与芦苇。山区则广泛运用石材，以条石筑壁，片石敷顶。森林地区则常使用井干式构造。
江南典型的住宅以面积甚小的横长方形天井为中心，北面是两坡硬山顶，其他三面都是斜向天井的单坡顶。所有墙头都高出屋顶以利防火，山墙作阶梯状跌落1～3次，称为封火山墙或马头山墙。墙面一般以白灰粉刷，墙顶覆以青瓦，有的墙面为清水灰砖，只在接近墙顶处粉刷白灰，色调明朗雅素。宅门是装饰集中的地方，有雕砖覆瓦的门檐，有时做出雕砖牌楼的样式。院内和室内门、窗、栏杆和月梁及梁柱的交接点都广泛采用木雕，表面多素面或涂素油显露木纹，颇朴素简洁。
江南文化区域指长江中下游一带，包括江苏、安徽的南部，上海、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南等。其传统的建筑类型有：居住建筑、城市公共建筑、皇家建筑、宗教建筑、祠祀建筑和园林建筑等。气候因素对江南建筑的影响非常明显，屋面、墙壁一般做得很薄，梁柱等结构都做得很轻巧。因为夏季的酷热，需要加强室内通风与对流，双向都需要开很多的窗，经常出现一些半封闭或敞开的室内空间，呈现出室内外空间融为一体的轻巧活泼、玲珑剔透、空灵飘逸的建筑外貌。

Jiangnan Region
Jiangnan is a populated region with hills spreading over. Hence compact multistory buildings are preferred here, especially those facing south or southeast. Due to hot and rainy climate, some houses adopt stilted bottom to improve ventilation and moisture-proofing. In addition to mud and wood, bamboos and reeds are also popular construction materials. Stone is widely used in mountainous area. And stilted structure is common in forests.

Typical Jiangnan style residences center on a small rectangle patio. On the north is flush gable roof with double slopes while on other three sides are single pitch roofs sloping to the patio. All copings of walls are higher than roofs for fireproofing. Some gables are painted with lime and capped with gray tiles. Some gables are exposed gray bricks and the upper parts are painted with lime. The door has various decorations, such as eaves of carving bricks in the form of archway. Intersections between crescent beams and columns, between doors, windows and railings, adopt wood carvings, which have no cover paint or transparent paint to expose grains.

Jiangnan region refers to the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, including Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and etc. The traditional architectural types are residential, public, imperial, religious, ritual and landscape architecture. Climate is an influential element for Jiangnan style architecture. That is why roofs and walls are thin; beams and pillars are light weighted. Because of hot summer, many windows are necessary for ventilation and convection. Half-enclosed and open interior spaces can be often found integrated with the lively exteriors.


岭南文化区域
岭南是中国一个特定的环境区域，主要包括广东、广西、海南三省区和香港、澳门。因此，从地域上来说，岭南文化大体分为珠江系文化、桂系文化和海南文化。岭南作为中华大陆独特的地域，其内涵的丰富与完善经过了漫长的历史进程。
秦汉以来，中原文化、荆楚文化、吴越文化和巴蜀文化先后涌入，而海洋带来的海外文化也侵浸多年，深深沁染，在南中国这片潮湿、炎热的土地上，逐渐形成了以属于珠江系文化的广府文化、客家文化、潮汕文化三大文化为主体的岭南文化体系。
岭南建筑及其装饰在中国建筑之林中占有重要的地位，在北方传统建筑特色的基础上，融合本地独有的自然、气候、土著文化等诸因素而逐渐形成，它兼容并蓄，不强求过分的统一和一致，没有严格的型制要求及严谨的等级限制。其唯一遵守的只是历代皇朝工部律例中所规定民宅规模，如开间数量、斗拱作法、屋顶形制、使用图案、颜色等，而彼此之间无需攀比，很少较量。
岭南文化区域传统的建筑类型主要有：居住建筑、城市公共建筑、皇家建筑、宗教建筑和园林建筑。建筑的特点通常表现在：在功能上具有隔热、遮阳、通风的特点；建筑物顶部常做成多层斜坡顶；外立面颜色以深灰色、浅色为主；以及方形柱的运用。岭南建筑的布局、装饰的格调十分自由和自然。由于气候温和，人们活动空间向外推移，因而，露台、敞廊、敞厅等开放性空间得到了充分的安排，人们从封闭的室内环境中走向了自然，形成岭南建筑装饰空间的自由、流畅、开敞的特点。

Lingnan Region
Lingnan region includes Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province, Hainan Province, Hong Kong and Macau. In terms of geography, Lingnan culture can be divided into Guangdong culture, Guangxi culture and Hainan culture. It has taken a very long time for Lingnan region to form its own unique characteristics gradually.

After Qin and Han dynasties, Lingnan region was influenced by various cultures from the central plains of China, and foreign cultures brought by marine transportation. Gradually, Lingnan culture system came into shape. It was composed by three branches, by now, which are known as Cantonese culture, Chaozhou culture and Hakkas culture.

Lingnan style architecture and related decorations play an important role in Chinese architecture. By fitting in local nature, climate and aboriginal culture, Lingnan architecture develops a relatively free form based on traditional architecture in South China. The only standard must be followed is the regulations about scale of civilian residences issued by the government at that time. For example, numbers of bays, creation of Dou Gong, rank of roofs and usage of patterns and colors had to follow the regulations.

Traditional buildings in Lingnan region can be divided into the following categories: residential buildings, public buildings, imperial architecture, religious buildings and landscape architecture. The Lingnan buildings are good in heat insulation, sun-shading and ventilation. And their roofs are often made in multilayer slope ones. The exterior facades are mainly painted in dark gray or light colors, whilst rectangular pillars are widely used. The overall layout and decorations are very free and natural. Thanks to mild climate, open spaces in the air, such as balconies and outdoor lounges, are well arranged, creating free, smooth and open environment for activities in nature.

闽台文化区域
福建与台湾仅一水之隔，历史上台湾在很长时期内曾是福建的一部分。明代以后大闽人移居台湾，共同创造了以闽南方言和客家方言为主要载体的台湾文化，清以后台湾虽独立建省，但两种文化血缘仍密不可分。
从地理环境看，闽台都是濒海地区，即使内陆凶地，也是江河横贯，水流丰沛。在中原农耕文化南入之后，与固有的海洋文化因素融合，形成了闽台皆以稻田为主、兼及渔捞的南方水作文化的特征。地理环境的共同性带来的闽台社会生产与生活方式的相似性。
闽台文化以闽台区域范围内的主要特色文化为框架，以闽方言为主要载体，以历史发展为主线，涵盖闽台历史渊源、文化特征、宗教、民俗、文学、艺术、教育等文化元素。它既是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，又富有鲜明的区域文化特色。
闽台传统建筑文化是闽台文化的重要组成部分。福建传统建筑沿袭着中国传统建筑木构架为主体的建筑形式，又在移民入台定居后相继传入台湾，形成闽台许多共同的建筑形式与工匠艺术。往往以地理空间上的形胜来实现人、建筑与自然环境和谐的基本条件。而建筑空间的创作，则以中轴、对称、主次、尊卑等手法，通过建筑的方位、规模、色彩、材料、形式等一系列严格的建筑等级制度与建筑形式来反映。庭院则充当了自然与人类社会的中介，充满内聚力的空间。闽台传统建筑虽然在建筑细部的处理上有所不同，却体现了中华民族建筑文化纷呈多彩的地域建筑文化特性。
闽台文化区域传统的建筑类型有：居住建筑、城市公共建筑、宗教建筑、祠祀建筑和园林建筑等。每一种建筑类型都反映了闽台传统建筑的地域特色。
Mintai Region
Facing each other across a strait, Fujian and Taiwan used to be two parts of a province. In Ming Dynasty, Min nationality in Fujian immigrated to Taiwan and developed a culture of Taiwan out of theirs. Though Taiwan became a province in Qing Dynasty, the culture still closely connects with Fujian.

Both Fujian and Taiwan are coastal provinces with widespread waterways. The geographical conditions shared in common allow Fujian and Taiwan to have similarities in social production and lifestyle.

Mintai culture covers cultural elements like historical origin, cultural features, religions, folk custom, literature, arts and education. As a part of traditional Chinese culture, it has its own distinctive features.

Mintai region mainly includes Fujian Province and Taiwan Province. Fujian style buildings, like what traditional Chinese buildings do, take timber frame as the main body. Later, they were introduced into Taiwan Province by immigrants. The creation of architectural space often adopts strict orderly systems and architectural forms by using construction methods like central axis, symmetry, sequence of priority and rating system. The courtyard is the transition between nature and human, a space which is filled with the power of cohesion. Though there are differences in architectural details, all of them embody the cultural and regional diversity of Chinese ethnic buildings.

In this area, there are following types of buildings: residential buildings, public buildings, ritual buildings, religious buildings and landscape architecture. All shows local traditions.


巴蜀文化区域
巴蜀文化是华夏文化的一个分支，是中国四川盆地中成都的蜀和重庆的巴所代表的文化。素有“天府之国”美称的四川盆地，具有异常独特的自然地理特征，四周山岳高耸、围合封闭，与外界相对隔离，但其域内河川纵横、交通便利、气候温和、土地肥美、雨量充沛、物产丰富。反映在建筑文化上，则表现为自成一格的川渝古代建筑风格特征，在中国传统建筑共性的基础上，展示着巴蜀建筑文化的强烈个性。总结起来巴蜀建筑有以下几点特征：
一、注重环境绿化和园林化。城镇、园林、寺庙、民居与山川自然环境有机融合，构成一幅幅生动的“天人合一”田园生活场景图画。二、曲轴运用。中国传统建筑布局讲究中轴对称，但在巴蜀山地条件下，这个原则运用得相当变通灵活，且有了创造性的发展，最主要的便是曲轴手法。三、巧取地形，智取空间。四、讲风水，注重相地。
另外，川渝古建筑在建筑型制、建筑形象和一些构造做法上，一方面表现出古风犹存的遗意，给人以古朴之感，另一方面，又表现出奇智巧思，富于独创的作风，给人以鼎新求异的深刻印象。比如川渝独创的一种牌楼式组合屋顶，把牌楼与常见的歇山、悬山屋顶形式相结合，利用重构的手法，形成一种丰富多彩、高低错落、轮廓变化的组合式屋顶；翼角的虾须构造也十分别致且稳固；斗拱形态丰富而浪漫，喜用P型、S型等曲线形斗拱等等。
巴蜀的建筑文化是兼收并蓄、多元融合的，不仅融合了汉族主流派的建筑文化，本地区少数民族的融合演变也投射在了建筑文化上，清末和近代欧洲古典建筑文化也对其产生了一定的影响，这反映出了巴蜀传统文化的宽容度与融合力。总之，在长期的历史发展中，川渝建筑形成了飘逸、洒脱、轻灵、薄透、素雅、质朴的建筑艺术风格。
属于这一地区的建筑类型有居住建筑、城市公共建筑、皇家建筑、宗教建筑、宗祠建筑和园林建筑等。

Sichuan Region
Sichuan region includes Chengdu and Chongqing. Praised as a land of abundance, it is characterized by very unique climate and geographical conditions. Sichuan region is a basin enclosed by mountains. Land within the basin enjoy wide spread water networks, fertile soil, abundant rainfall and rich resources. Those elements give unique style to architecture in this region on the basis of traditional Chinese style. To sum up, the features are as the follows:

Firstly, great attention was paid to greenery and landscape. Towns, gardens, temples, folk houses were blended into natural environment. Secondly, straight axis was turned into a flexible one because of diverse geographical conditions in Sichuan region. Thirdly, landforms were creatively made use of to get spaces. Fourthly, Fengshui theory and site investigation are very important.

In terms of style, image and construction, ancient buildings in Sichuan region feature archaic style with impressive innovation in design. Take the combined roof for example. It is blended with hip and gable roofs or overhanging gable roofs. Modular structures arranged in a repeating way make roof varies in color, height and shapes. Whisker-like structures are very special and firm. Dou Gong in the shape of P and S were popular.

Sichuan style architecture features an open nature to embrace other styles, including Han style architecture and evolution of minority nationality. The architecture is even impressed by Qing style and modern classical European style. In short, Sichuan style architecture is shaped with simple but elegant style in long history of development.

This region has the following architectural types: residential buildings, public buildings, ritual buildings, religious buildings, imperial architecture and landscape architecture.

西南文化区域
西南文化区域主要包括云南、贵州等区域。在历史进程中，西南地区的整合经历了一个十分复杂的过程。一方面，由于远离中央政权，在较长的时段里一直作为少数民族的势力范围，与中央王朝保持一种非统辖的关系。在地形上的相对封闭性也让西南地区更有可能成为一个相对独立的地理单元。另一方面，正是在远离中央政权的前提下，西南地区充当着不同地域之间经济生活、宗教信仰等彼此交流、融合、共生共存的舞台。民族的多样性及复杂的地理环境使得这一地区传统建筑丰富多彩，成为一个世界原生态建筑博物馆。
云南大部分为高原地区，且南北的纬度和海拔相差较大，是一个多民族聚居的省份。由于地广人稀，自然环境多样，文化多元，造就了云南传统建筑的独特的乡土性和丰富多样性。
贵州民族建筑特色鲜明，少数民族的民间建筑，式样繁多，风格迥异，各具千秋。较突出的有黔东南和黔西南苗族、侗族、布依族的“干栏”式住房，白族的寺院建筑等。尤其是侗族鼓楼、风雨桥，布依族石头房，苗族吊脚楼最具特色。各民族还利用地处高原，跬步皆山，创造了“石头文化”，用石头奠基，用石块砌墙，用石板盖顶，构筑了鳞次栉比的石头建筑。
西南文化区域传统的建筑类型有：居住建筑、城市公共建筑、宗教建筑、祠祀建筑和园林建筑等。每一种建筑类型都因自然环境、社会环境、民族特征等主客观因素呈现出多样性的特点。

Southwestern Region
Southwestern region mainly refers to Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province. The unification of this region has undergone a very complicated process. For one reason, it was far away from the capital. Therefore it had been ruled by local minority nationalities against the central government for quite a long time. For another reason, it served as a stage for exchange of economies and religions between surrounding regions. Diverse minority nationalities and complicated geographical conditions contribute to the rich architecture in this region, making it a showcase of undisturbed architecture.

Most Yunnan areas are taken up by plateau. The difference between the latitudes and altitude of the north and south is pretty large. Sparse population of this vase region, diverse natural conditions and cultural diversity shape the unique local characteristic and diversity of traditional Yunnan architecture.

In Guizhou Province, ethnic buildings are rich in forms and styles. The outstanding ones are stilted houses built by the Miao, the Dong and the Puyi in south Guizhou, and temples by the Bai. Among them, the most special ones are drum towers and shelter bridges by the Dong, stone houses by the Puyi and stilted houses by the Miao.

Conventional architectural types in southwestern region include residential buildings, public buildings, religious buildings, ritual buildings and landscape architecture. Each type shows diversity due to factors of natural conditions, society and ethnic features.